摘要:考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時豐富內(nèi)容。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(一百七十),希望能對各位考生有所幫助。更多考研相關(guān)資訊,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)MEM頻道。
英語學習始于單詞,考研英語大綱當中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(一百七十),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進行查看。
1. rally [?r?li] v.(rallies, rallying, rallied, rallied)/n.(rallies)
v. 召集,聚集;復原,恢復健康或精神;價格回升
n. 群眾集會,公眾大會;(汽車、摩托車等的)拉力賽,賽車;止跌回升
固定搭配:rally (sb./sth.) (around/behind/to sb./sth.) 召集,聚集
拓展:
同:v. league, restore, assemble n. assembly, feedback, meet, gathering, congregation
辨:rally和congress
rally意為“群眾集會,公眾大會”,指大規(guī)模的群眾性政治集會。例:The mayor addressed the rally.(那位市長在公眾集會上講了話。)
congress意為“國會,議會,代表大會”,指國會、議會、代表大會等機構(gòu),尤指經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的立法機構(gòu)的大會或由這些機構(gòu)召開的大會,也可指專業(yè)人員代表大會。例:Congress will vote on the proposals tomorrow.(國會明天將對提案進行投票表決)
例句:The party have rallied a great deal of support for their campaign.
該黨派為競選活動征得了大量的支持。
After a furious late rally, they finally won.
他們后來狀態(tài)恢復迅速,終于贏了。
2. range [re?nd?] v.(ranges, ranging, ranged, ranged)/n.(ranges)
v. (在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化;包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物;排列,排序;徘徊,漫步
n. 一系列;(變動或浮動的)范圍,界限;種類,類型;視覺(或聽覺)范圍;射程;山脈;靶場,射擊場
固定搭配:range from A to B/between A and B (在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化
range (from A to B) 包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物
range yourself/sb. against/with sb./sth. (使)結(jié)伙反對 / 支持……
range over sth. 涉及,包括
range (of sth.) 一系列
in/within range (of sth.) 在可及的范圍內(nèi),在視覺(或聽覺)范圍內(nèi)
out of range (of sth.) 超出……的范圍,在視覺(或聽覺)范圍之外
拓展:
同:n. extent, boundary, region, scope, spectrum, territory, area
派:ranking adj.上級的;頭等的;超群的
rangy adj.又高又瘦的;適于遠行的;寬廣的
ranking n.等級;地位
ranger n.突擊隊員;漫游者;騎警;別動隊員
ranging n.排列;測距修正
辨:range, field和scope
range意為“范圍,界限”,指數(shù)、量、年齡等的范圍,常后接具體的上下限額。例:Most workers in that company earn a salary in the range of 4000 yuan to 6000 yuan.(那家公司多數(shù)員工的薪水在4000元到6000元之間。)
field意為“領(lǐng)域,范圍”,指研究或工作的領(lǐng)域。例:In fact, he is a speculator in the financial field.(實際上,他是個金融領(lǐng)域的研究者)
scope意為“范圍,圈子”,指學科、活動、書籍等的范圍,也指不同的活動圈子。例:A discussion of post-colonial issues is within the scope of this book.(對后殖民主義問題的討論在本書范圍之內(nèi))
例句:His speech ranged over a number of topics.
他的演講涉及許多話題。
The children stayed well out of range of the dogs.
孩子們離狗遠遠的。
3. rank [r??k] v.(ranks, ranking, ranked, ranked)/n.(ranks)
v. 給……分等級,屬于某等級;排列
n. (尤指較高的)地位,級別,職位;軍銜,警銜;普通士兵;等級;(團體或組織的)成員;隊列,行列
adj. 惡臭的,難聞的;(強調(diào)質(zhì)量、狀況等)極端的,糟糕的,十足的
固定搭配:rank (sb.) (as sth.) 給……分等級,屬于某等級
拓展:
同:n. degree, classification, row, range, grade v. arrange, form adj. evil, unpleasant, poisonous
派:ranking adj.上級的;頭等的;超群的
ranking n.等級;地位
ranging n.排列;測距修正
ranker n.出身行伍的軍官;士兵;對某事膽怯或臨陣脫逃的人
rankness n.繁茂;惡臭
辨:file, rank和queue
file意為“縱列”,指人站立或行走時排成的列。例:The soldiers were walking in double file.(士兵們排成兩列縱隊前進)
rank意為“隊列,行列”,和file常為軍事用語,前者指肩并肩排列整齊的士兵橫排,后者指縱隊。例:Rank after rank of liquor bottles are on the shelves.(架子上是一排排的酒瓶)
queue意為“隊列”,指人們?yōu)樽瞿呈露许樞蚺懦傻年?,在等的過程中不斷向前移動。例:There was a queue of traffic waiting at the crossroad.(有一大串車輛在十字路口等候)
例句:The employees have been ranked in order of their age.
按照年齡對雇員進行了分類。
People of high social rank are always held in high esteem .
社會地位很高的人總是備受尊重。
Unexpectedly, the post went to a rank outsider
出人意料的是,那個職位竟然落到一個毫不起眼的人頭上。
4. rap [r?p] v.(raps, rapping, rapped, rapped)/n.(raps)
v. 敲擊,敲打;突然厲聲說出;(公開地)嚴厲批評,嚴加訓斥;說唱
n. 快速的敲擊;說唱音樂;罪名,判刑;不公正的判決
固定搭配:rap sth. (out) 突然厲聲說出
rap sb./sth. (for sth./for doing sth.) (公開地)嚴厲批評,嚴加訓斥
(give sb./get) a rap on/over/across the knuckles
(給某人以 / 受到)嚴厲譴責,厲聲訓斥
take the rap (for sb./sth.) (無辜)受罰,背黑鍋
拓展:
同:v. strike n. bob, peening
派:rapper n.敲門者;叩擊物
辨:rap和knock
rap意為“敲擊,敲打”,指用指關(guān)節(jié)、筆等快速輕敲或急拍,意在引人注意或表示某種情感。例:The teacher rapped on the table for order.(老師敲桌子要求大家安靜)
knock意為“敲擊,敲打”,指用手掌、拳頭或硬物用力敲打,以引起他人的注意或重視。例:He wondered whether it would be proper to knock at the manager’s door.(他不知道敲經(jīng)理的門是否合適)
例句:Some of the students were rapped for poor performance.
一些學生因為表現(xiàn)糟糕而受到嚴厲批評。
John always gets a rap over the knuckles for being late.
約翰總是因為遲到而受到嚴厲訓斥。
5. rape [re?p] v.(rapes, raping, raped, raped)/n.(rapes)
v. 強暴,強奸
n. 強奸罪;肆意損壞,肆意糟蹋
拓展:
同:v. harry, despoil n. violation, cole
派:rapacious adj.貪婪的;掠奪的
rapist n.強奸犯
raper n.強奸犯
rapacity n.貪婪;掠奪
rapeseed n.油菜籽
例句:A young woman was brutally raped on the way home.
一些學生因為表現(xiàn)糟糕而受到嚴厲批評。
As a result of the rape of the forests, the region is now short of water.
一名年輕女子在回家路上慘遭強暴。
6. rapid [?r?p?d] adj.
adj. 瞬間的,瞬時發(fā)生的;迅速的,快速的
拓展:
同:adj. fast, forward, ready, express, quick
派:rapidly adv.迅速地;很快地;立即
rapidity n.迅速,急速;速度;險峻
rapidness n.快;迅速
辨:rapid和quick
rapid意為“迅速的,快速的”,指快速發(fā)生或完成的。例:After recuperation, the patient made a rapid recovery.(經(jīng)過調(diào)養(yǎng),病人很快恢復了健康)
quick意為“迅速的,腦子反應快的”,指持續(xù)或耗費時間短的,移動、做事等速度快的,或指人聰明、機敏的。例:The student is a quick learner.(那名學生學東西很快)
例句:After recuperation, the patient made a rapid recovery.
經(jīng)過調(diào)養(yǎng),病人很快恢復了健康。
The contagion is spreading at a rapid rate.
這種傳染病正在迅速蔓延。
7. rash [r??] n.(rashes)
n. 皮疹,疹子;大量,許多(令人不快的事情)
adj. 草率的,魯莽的,輕率的
拓展:
同:n. quat, tetter adj. hasty, imprudent
派:rashly adv.輕率地;魯莽地;無見識地
rashness n.輕率;皮膚上短暫出現(xiàn)的疹子
例句:There has been a rash of burglaries in the village over the last month.
近一個月村里發(fā)生了很多起入室行竊案。
A lot of small companies went bankrupt as a result of rash speculation.
許多小公司的破產(chǎn)都是輕率的投機造成的。
8. rat [r?t] v.(rats, ratting, ratted, ratted)/n.(rats)
v. 泄密,告密;背棄諾言
n. 卑鄙小人,騙子
固定搭配:rat on sb. 泄密,告密
rat on sth. 背棄諾言
拓展:
同:v. mouse, inform n. traitor, betrayer
派:ratty adj.像老鼠的;破爛的
ratter n.捕鼠者;叛徒
辨:rat, betray和grass on
rat意為“泄密,告密;背棄諾言”,主要指向掌權(quán)者告發(fā)某人,也指違背所作的承諾,常后接介詞 on。例:The government is accused of ratting on its promises to the people.(政府被指責對人民背信棄義)
betray意為“背叛,出賣,泄露”,主要指不忠于誓約或辜負信任;也可以指有意泄露秘密或出于無意暴露隱蔽的事物。例:She studied the recording, but it betrayed nothing.(她研究了錄音,但什么也沒有看出來)
grass on意為“告密,告發(fā)”,主要指向警方告發(fā)某人的違法活動。例:His wife wants him to grass on other accomplices.(妻子要他向警方告發(fā)其他同伙)
例句:The government is accused of ratting on its promises to the people.
政府被指責對人民背信棄義。
Having a rat as a pet is considered sick.
養(yǎng)只耗子當寵物被認為是變態(tài)。
9. rather [?rɑ?e?(r)] adv.
adv. 相當,某種程度上;有點兒,稍微;更準確地說;相反,反而
拓展:
同:adv. soon, first, lot, bit, preferably
例句:The walls were not white, but rather a sort of light grey.
墻面不是白的,而是淺灰的。
People in this region would rather work than live on welfare.
這個地區(qū)的人們寧愿工作而不愿靠社會保障金過活。
10. ratio [?re??i??] n.(ratios)
n. 比例,比率
固定搭配:ratio (of A to B) 比例,比率
拓展:
同:n. rate, scale
派:rateable adj.按比例的;可估價的;應納稅的(等于ratable)
例句:The ratio of men to women in the department is out of proportion.
這個部門的男女比例不協(xié)調(diào)。
The ratio of applications to available places currently stands at 125:1.
目前,申請人數(shù)和就業(yè)崗位的比例為125:1。
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