2016年MBA考研英語(yǔ)二完形填空真題及答案解析

2016研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試試題(英語(yǔ)二)

Section 1 Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.

Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “l(fā)ess codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.

__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.

1. [A] why        [B] where   [C] how      [D] when

2. [A] In return     [B] In particular  [C] In contrast    [D] In conclusion

3. [A] sufficient    [B] famous     [C] perfect      [D] necessary

4. [A] individualism [B] modernism[C] optimism     [D] realism

5. [A] echo        [B] miss      [C] spoil      [D] change

6. [A] imagined    [B] measured  [C] invented     [D] assumed

7. [A] Sure        [B] Odd   [C] Unfortunate [D] Often

8. [A] advertised    [B] divided   [C] overtaxed    [D] headquartered

9. [A] explain       [B] overstate  [C] summarize  [D] emphasize

10. [A] stages      [B] factors   [C] levels      [D] methods

11. [A] desirable    [B] sociable    [C] reputable   [D] reliable

12. [A] resumed      [B] held       [C]emerged     [D] broke

13. [A] attribute      [B] assign     [C] transfer     [D]compare

14. [A] serious       [B] civilized    [C] ambitious   [D]experienced

15. [A] thus          [B] instead    [C] also         [D] never

16. [A] rapidly        [B] regularly   [C] directly     [D] equally

17. [A] After         [B] Until      [C] While      [D] Since

18. [A] arrives        [B] jumps      [C] hints      [ D] strikes

19.[A] shape         [B] rediscover   [C] simplify    [D] share

20. [A] pray for       [B] lean towards [C] give away  [D] send out

【答案解析】

1.【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)空格所在句子可以看出，空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞，做influence的賓語(yǔ)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思中，只有C. how引導(dǎo)后面的內(nèi)容做influence的賓語(yǔ)，前后意思合理。

2.【答案】B

【解析】空格的前一句話(huà)的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投資更多的錢(qián)?？崭袼诰涞膬?nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的錢(qián)。很顯然，前后句子是總分關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)可以體現(xiàn)總分關(guān)系。

3.【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)空格處前后的內(nèi)容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定語(yǔ)修飾longer-term thinking和happiness。幸福，這種持久的思維模式對(duì)于對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行投資_______，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D. necessary 做后置定語(yǔ)符合前后內(nèi)容。

4.【答案】C

【解析】空格處的內(nèi)容與inclination for risk-taking由and連接，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，后面that come with happiness定語(yǔ)從句既修飾空格處的內(nèi)容，也修飾inclination for risk-taking，所以選項(xiàng)中可以由that come with happiness修飾的只有C選項(xiàng)optimism。

5.【答案】D

【解析】空格處的內(nèi)容和the way companies invested構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配。只有D選項(xiàng)可以和the way companies invested構(gòu)成通順語(yǔ)義。故D項(xiàng)正確。

6.【答案】B

【解析】原文：So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness_______ by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. 所以他們比較美國(guó)城市的平均幸福，這種幸福是根據(jù)蓋洛普在上市公司的投資活動(dòng)地區(qū)民意調(diào)查來(lái)________。 A imagined 想象，D assumed 假定與民意調(diào)查的客觀(guān)性是不符的，故排除，C invented 發(fā)明，與文意不符，故選B measured，衡量，測(cè)量。

7.【答案】A

【解析】此空的答案需要結(jié)合文章上下文來(lái)判斷。這句話(huà)和本篇完型的第二段的首句的含義是相同的。本段首句其實(shí)是對(duì)于這一中心的重復(fù)闡述，因此選A。

8.【答案】D

【解析】原文：firms' investment and R intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were _________.公司的投資與研發(fā)強(qiáng)度與公司所_______的地區(qū)的幸福度相關(guān)。依據(jù)第7題的答案，我們可以推斷，這句話(huà)所填寫(xiě)的單詞和located應(yīng)該是近義，故選D，headquartered設(shè)立總部。

9.【答案】A

【解析】原文：…could something else about happier cities ______ why firms there spend more on R 此句也是對(duì)于本文中心的再次論證。還有其他的什么可以__________公司在幸福的城市加入研發(fā)投入力度嗎? 這句話(huà)之后就是具體的原因陳述。故選A express 解釋?zhuān)U釋。

10.【答案】B

【解析】原文：To find out, the researchers controlled for various ________that might make firms more likely to invest - like size, industry, and sales ,為了找到答案,研究人員控制了各種各樣的可能會(huì)讓公司加大投資的_______--比如大小、行業(yè)和銷(xiāo)量--，聯(lián)系上下文，我們可以看出，這個(gè)空格其實(shí)就是下文size, industry, and sales的上義詞，可以包含這三個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容。故選B factors 原因，因素。

11.【答案】A

【解析】該句意思為：研究者掌控了各種使公司更愿意投資的因素(比如規(guī)模、行業(yè)、銷(xiāo)售)，也掌控了居住起來(lái)____的住處的征兆(比如工資或人數(shù)的增長(zhǎng))。此處需填入形容詞，前后兩句為并列關(guān)系，感情色彩應(yīng)保持一致，所填詞應(yīng)和空前more likely to invest更可能投資，以及空后like舉例的內(nèi)容漲工資一致，也是好事，所以答案desirable可取的、令人滿(mǎn)意的為正確選項(xiàng)。

12.【答案】B

【解析】即使說(shuō)明這些問(wèn)題，總體來(lái)講，快樂(lè)與投資之間的關(guān)系____。Resume繼續(xù)、重新開(kāi)始，hold保持不變，維持，emerge出現(xiàn)，break破裂。前后為遞進(jìn)，說(shuō)明這些問(wèn)題后，二者關(guān)系應(yīng)仍然保持不變，所以hold為正確答案。

13.【答案】A

【解析】該句意思為：快樂(lè)與投資之間的相互關(guān)系對(duì)年輕的企業(yè)特別強(qiáng)烈，作者把這一點(diǎn)____于"缺少編纂的做決定過(guò)程"。此處考搭配，attribute…to把……歸咎于，assign…to把……指派給，transfer…to把……傳遞給，compare…to把……相比較，其中attribute…to符合文意，作者把這一點(diǎn)歸因于于"缺少編纂的做決定過(guò)程"。

14.【答案】D

【解析】該題為并列平行關(guān)系考查，and前后情感色彩、所屬范疇?wèi)?yīng)保持一致，younger并列，應(yīng)為less experienced缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，故為正確答案。

15.【答案】C

【解析】該句話(huà)上一句為T(mén)he correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong，此句為T(mén)he relationship was 15 stronger，顯然，二者之間為并列關(guān)系，因此選擇also也。

16.【答案】D

【解析】此題考查副詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)rapidly意為"迅速地"， B選項(xiàng)regularly意為"常規(guī)地"，C選項(xiàng)意為directly"直接地"，D選項(xiàng)equally"平等地"。此處討論的是公司投資與快樂(lè)之間的關(guān)系?？崭窈笾赋?，相較于在快樂(lè)不平等的地方，或者幸福感有巨大鴻溝的地方，公司更愿意在大多數(shù)人都較為幸福的領(lǐng)域投資， D選項(xiàng)equally是對(duì)inequality的反義復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此，D選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)。

17.【【答案】C

【解析】此處考察上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。上文指出，公司愿意在幸福的領(lǐng)域里投資， 而空格后則提到"這并不能證明幸福引發(fā)了公司擴(kuò)大投資或者采用較長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的眼光看問(wèn)題"，顯然，這二者之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，正確選項(xiàng)為C選項(xiàng)While "然而"。

18.【答案】C

【解析】空格所在句的前半句質(zhì)疑了投資與幸福的關(guān)系，后半句的作者表現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是"believe"， 因此此處要填入一個(gè)表積極立場(chǎng)的詞，且能與后面的at that possibility構(gòu)成搭配， 表明"作者"的認(rèn)可態(tài)度。A選項(xiàng)arrive"到達(dá)"，B選項(xiàng)jumps"跳躍"，D選項(xiàng)strikes"打擊;罷工"，均不能與at that possibility搭配，C選項(xiàng)hints"暗示"符合語(yǔ)意，因此正確答案為C。

19.【答案】A

【解析】結(jié)合文意，此處是在正面論述"當(dāng)?shù)匚幕头諊?quot;對(duì)公司運(yùn)營(yíng)的影響，且二者之間的因果關(guān)系一直貫穿全文。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)shape意為"形成，塑造" B選項(xiàng)rediscover"重新發(fā)現(xiàn)"， C選項(xiàng)simplify"簡(jiǎn)化"，D選項(xiàng)share"分享"， 其中只有A 選項(xiàng)最貼近語(yǔ)意，因此正確答案為A。

20.【答案】B

【解析】此處考察固定詞組。 A選項(xiàng)pray for意為"為……祈禱"，B選項(xiàng)lean towards意為"向……傾斜"，C選項(xiàng)give away意為"泄露; 失去;贈(zèng)送"，D選項(xiàng)send out意為"發(fā)送，發(fā)出"。空格所在句的前后語(yǔ)意為"快樂(lè)的人比普通人更加的具有正向思維，更有創(chuàng)造力，并且更加的_____研究和發(fā)展。"可知最符合文意的只能是選項(xiàng)B。