考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句拆分：名詞性從句之賓語(yǔ)從句

名詞性從句是在句子中起名詞作用的句子。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組， 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。

二、1.定義

賓語(yǔ)從句，是名詞性從句的一種。在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，位于及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)之后的從句稱為賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：

Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o’clock.

看了看表，他注意到是一點(diǎn)鐘。

I was wondering whether I should bring my girlfriend to the gathering.

我在考慮聚會(huì)時(shí)是否應(yīng)該帶女朋友過(guò)去。

I wonder why he deserted his enviable well-paid position.

我不明白他為什么要辭掉那個(gè)令人羨慕的高薪職位。

2.類型

(1)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

A. that引導(dǎo)(that通?？梢允÷?

He admitted that he had cheated.

他承認(rèn)他作弊了。

The boy dreamed that he was flying to the outer space.

那個(gè)男孩夢(mèng)見(jiàn)他正在飛往外太空。

B. wh-引導(dǎo)

She did not know what had happened.

她不知道發(fā)生了什么。

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.

沒(méi)人知道他是否會(huì)通過(guò)考試。

(2)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

Whether he can succeed depends on how well he operates.

他是否能夠成功取決于他的操作水平。

He was not conscious of what a big mistake he had made.

他沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)。

(3)形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

We are fully convinced that John was the winner of the speech contest.

我們完全相信約翰是此次演講比賽的獲勝者。

I am afraid that you’ve misunderstood your boss.

我擔(dān)心你誤解了你的老板。

(4)it可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)

We all thought it a pity that the conference has been cancelled.

會(huì)議被取消了，大家都覺(jué)得遺憾。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

我認(rèn)為每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的。

3.例題

But it is useless to try to discourage someone, { [who feels that he must act], (though the chances of his becoming famous are slim ) }.

這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。

原句中的各個(gè)子句，子句類型以及連接詞如下：

主句：it is useless to try to discourage someone

【譯文】試圖去阻止…的年輕人是徒勞的

分句一：who feels that he must act

類型：定語(yǔ)從句;連接詞：who

分句二：that he must act

類型：賓語(yǔ)從句;連接詞：that

分句三：though the chances of his becoming famous are slim

類型：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;連接詞：though

【譯文】即使成名的機(jī)會(huì)很渺茫

【全句譯文】：試圖去阻止那些在成名的機(jī)會(huì)很渺茫的情況下仍然想要當(dāng)演員的年輕人是徒勞的。