復(fù)旦大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)真題

真題雖然年年變，但從實(shí)際來(lái)看，大家會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)往年考過(guò)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)還是會(huì)不斷的重復(fù)出題。為什么說(shuō)真題重要？因?yàn)檎骖}反映的是命題人的思想！作為考生與命題人交流的資料和途徑就是真題。所以讀題要讀命題人的思想，讀懂了命題人的思想，就能贏得考試。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)為廣大考生搜集整理了復(fù)旦大學(xué)博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)真題，正在備考的考生快看過(guò)來(lái)吧。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)真題持續(xù)更新中，請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)頻道。

Direction：Put the following passage into English．Write your English version on Answer SheetⅡ．

我們所知的事實(shí)是，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并非像很多人相信的那樣完全是“人性”的產(chǎn)物。如果正如許多人所信的那樣，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和人與人之間的暴力會(huì)在整個(gè)人類(lèi)歷史上并且在所有或者幾乎所有的社會(huì)里存在。事實(shí)并非如此。考古學(xué)家的調(diào)查結(jié)果似乎表明人類(lèi)在很久以前是比較講和平的。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，在早先的法國(guó)洞穴繪畫(huà)里，早于公元前10，000年的繪畫(huà)中沒(méi)有人與人打仗的畫(huà)面。這一點(diǎn)提示，在人類(lèi)早期那段時(shí)間里，相對(duì)而言人與人打仗是鮮為人知的。從某種意義上講，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)并沒(méi)有什么可以大驚小怪的。在動(dòng)物世界中，動(dòng)物捕殺自己種類(lèi)的現(xiàn)象是很少見(jiàn)的。他們確實(shí)捕殺其他種類(lèi)的動(dòng)物，但是不會(huì)捕殺他們自己的種類(lèi)。像大多數(shù)動(dòng)物一樣，早期的人類(lèi)中出現(xiàn)人類(lèi)內(nèi)部暴力的比例相對(duì)較低。因此，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不是人性固有的產(chǎn)物，而是某些社會(huì)和文化條件產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。

KEY

The fact known to us is that war, different from what many people believe it to be, is not completely an outcome of “humanity”. Otherwise, war and violence among people would exist in all the human history or almost all societies. However, this is not the truth. Archaeologists' investigation results seem to suggest that men lived quite a peaceful life long ago. For example, among ancient French cave drawings which were earlier than 10,000 B．C．, there were no pictures describing people fighting with each other. This indicates that, in that early period of mankind, fight among people was comparatively rare. In a certain way, this discovery is not surprising at all: in the world of animals, it's rare for one to prey on another of its own species. They do kill other kinds of animals, but not their own. Like most animals, the proportion of inner violence among early human beings was relatively small. Therefore, war is not the inherent outcome of humanity but that of certain social and cultural conditions．