2020年醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語考試大綱變化解讀

人民衛(wèi)生出版社出版了2020 版《全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語統(tǒng)一考試指南》，這本大綱是全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語統(tǒng)考的命題方醫(yī)學(xué)考試中心組織編寫的。在本文小編將為大家解讀新的大綱與以前的版本有何不同。

一、考試簡介

1、考試目的

為了配合我國實施醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)位制定改革，保證醫(yī)學(xué)博士生學(xué)位授予質(zhì)量，特舉行全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語統(tǒng)一考試?？荚嚹康脑谟诳茖W(xué)、公正地測試考生掌握和運用英語的實際能力是否達到申請臨床醫(yī)學(xué)、口腔醫(yī)學(xué)博士專業(yè)學(xué)位或攻讀醫(yī)學(xué)博士學(xué)位的英語水平。

2、考試時間：2020年3月14日上午

3、考試人群

①申請在職醫(yī)學(xué)博士專業(yè)學(xué)位的考生，必須參加本考試；

②申請全日制醫(yī)學(xué)博士研究生的考生，則依據(jù)招生單位的要求參加此項考試。一般全職考生，需提前與招生單位咨詢，應(yīng)該參加全國統(tǒng)一考試，還是參加招生單位的自主命題考試，或者其他的考核辦法。

4、考試成績

自2003年起，在職申請學(xué)位考生的考試合格分數(shù)線確定為300分（實際卷面分數(shù)后加權(quán)，具體公式和標準考試中心不對外公布）。

而參加醫(yī)學(xué)博士研究生入學(xué)考試的考生，即全職考生，各招生單位實際錄取分數(shù)線由招生單位自己確定。

即全日制考生面臨的壓力是：參考合格分數(shù)線和學(xué)校實際錄取線。后者往往與招生單位的招生人數(shù)、當(dāng)年報考的狀況息息相關(guān)，將會面臨分數(shù)的PK，壓力可想而知。

二、考試設(shè)計

1、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

舊版試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

新版試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

考試各大題型設(shè)置沒有變化（詞匯部分老大綱里“多選”和新大綱“填空”是同一種題型）；各部分的題目數(shù)量、單位分值及總分維持不變（聽力30題，每題1分;詞匯20題，每題0.5分；完型10題，每題1分；閱讀理解30題，每題1分；寫作20分）；考試時間以及分值不變。因此試卷結(jié)構(gòu)總體是沒有變化的。

2、聽力部分

老版聽力部分

新版本聽力部分

變化一：最大的變化就是短對話（short conversation）和長對話（long talk）結(jié)合

具體主要提現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：

①題目數(shù)量。老版短對話一個對話對應(yīng)一個題；新版每個對話對應(yīng)三個題。

②對話輪次。老版短對話中大多數(shù)為一問一答的簡單形式；新版對話有3個以上的輪次。

③對話主題。老版短對話是直奔主題的醫(yī)普或者日常生活等內(nèi)容；新版對話具有多重邏輯，答案不再顯而易見。

④知識點變化。老版短對話因為聽力材料有限，多為細節(jié)題；新版對話對話多內(nèi)容充足，多為大意題和細節(jié)題。

2019年真題短對話

試卷試題：

A. minor B. moderate C. intense D. severe

聽力錄音：

M: How strong is the pain exactly? On a scale of one to ten, how would you describe the intensity of the pain?

W: Well, I’d say the pain is about one on a scale of one to ten. Like I say, it’s not really bad, it just keeps coming back.

Question: Which of the following would best describe the woman’s pain?

2020年大綱樣題：

試卷試題：

1. A. Switching to biology chemistry. B. Choosing to be a family physician.

C. Going to college. D. Being a doctor.

2. A. Because of his family’s influence. B. Because of the fact that he’s young.

C. Because of the practical skills he has. D. Because of his love for biology chemistry.

3. A. A strong sense of responsibility. B. Good communicative skills.

C. Excellent health. D. Great patience.

聽力錄音：對話(題材：人文)

W: Can you tell me about yourself, please?

M: Sure, my name’s Harry, 18 years old, currently studying biology chemistry at school. As you are aware, I hope to pursue a career in medicine.

W: Harry, why do you want to be a doctor?

M: Well, everyone in my family is a doctor, so I think I can follow on nicely.

W: Apart from treating patients, what do you think being a doctor is going to require?

M: Well, you also need to be academic have to be an excellent communicator with your team the patients.

Question No. 1: What are the two speakers talking about?

Question No. 2: Why does Harry choose to be a doctor?

Question No. 3: What is mentioned by Harry as one of the requirements for a doctor?

變化二：老版短文（passage）是2篇短文對應(yīng)10個題，現(xiàn)在短文有5篇短文對應(yīng)15個題(每個對話對應(yīng)3個題)。

短文旨在測試考生對英語篇章的聽力理解能力。要求考生能理解所聽短文的中心思想和主要內(nèi)容，并能根據(jù)所聽到的內(nèi)容進行邏輯推理、分析概括和歸納總結(jié)。

題型包括大意概括題（Questions for the general idea）、具體細節(jié)題(Questions for specific details)和判斷推理題（Questionsfor inference）。每篇短文附有 3 個小題，每個小題附有 4 個選項，要求考生在聽完每篇短文后，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容于 12 秒內(nèi)從中選出 1 個最佳答案。短文及問題只讀一遍。

短文長度變短，題目變少，對我們的速記、大腦記憶以及考試的精準度是好消息。

2020年大綱樣題：

We commonly think that our health is affected by our age, gender,lifestyle and genetic factors that we inherit from our parents. However, thesefactors are only a small part of what affects our health. Other factors includeour social relationships, income, education and working conditions. Let's lookat stress for example. Unemployment or poor working conditions create unstablelife situations and cause stress, which has negative effects on health. Onemajor factor, education, determines income or employment. However, even if youare employed, some workplace conditions, such as lack of flexibility andcontrol over your workday can cause stress. As you can see, many complex socialprocesses and other factors are connected with one another to affect ourhealth. Studying how these factors work together in large populations is achallenge for researchers and that is what we would like to look at next.

Question number 16: What is the passage mainly about?

Question number 17: What does the speaker intend to say by mentioningstress?

Question number 18: What does the speaker call for at the end of thepassage?

3、寫作部分

三種題型：摘要、翻譯、命題作文，新大綱對舊大綱寫作要求進行了細化，以前一直選擇的摘要作文來作為考題，新大綱里增加了命題作文。翻譯比摘要寫作難度更小，因為無需自己歸納總結(jié)，而命題作文與四六級和考研英語要求更加貼近了，同學(xué)們一定對命題作文里模板的力量不陌生。因此，寫作部分三種題型中，摘要寫作是難度較高。

雖然2020年醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語考試大綱有了變化，但是萬變不離其宗，打好英語基礎(chǔ)，并且掌握一定的考試技巧，一定能夠有的放矢，最終取得成功。祝各位醫(yī)生，來年考試順利通過。